True Shooting Percentage (TS%)
True Shooting Percentage measures how efficiently a player scores, accounting for the value of 2-pointers, 3-pointers, and free throws in a single number. It's a better read on scoring efficiency than field goal percentage alone, because it doesn't ignore free-throw trips or undervalue the extra point on a 3.
The formula
TS% = PTS / (2 × (FGA + 0.44 × FTA))
- PTS
- Total points scored.
- FGA
- Field goal attempts — every 2-point and 3-point shot attempt, combined.
- FTA
- Free throw attempts.
- 0.44
- A weighting factor. A trip to the free-throw line rarely costs a full possession the way a field goal attempt does, so free throws are counted at roughly 44% of their attempt value.
Worked example
A guard scores 22 points on 15 field goal attempts and 6 free throw attempts in a game. Here's the math:
TS% = 22 / (2 × (15 + 0.44 × 6))
TS% = 22 / (2 × 17.64)
TS% = 22 / 35.28
TS% = 62.4%
A raw field goal percentage would only look at makes over attempts and ignore those 6 free throw trips entirely — TS% folds them in.
Try it yourself
What’s a good number?
- Under 50%Below average efficiency — often a sign a player is settling for tough, contested shots.
- 50–55%Roughly average for most competitive levels.
- 55–60%Good — efficient scoring relative to shot volume.
- 60%+Elite. Usually reserved for a team's best, most efficient scorers.
These are rough benchmarks, not hard cutoffs — the right number depends on a player's role, shot selection, and level of competition.
Stop doing this math by hand
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